Multi pitch climbing gear list pdf. A great introduction to multi pitch climbing.

Multi pitch climbing gear list pdf. Forces Depend on Angles / 4. Jun 21, 2025 · Rock Skills 3: Multi Pitch Climbing Systems 8:00 AM meeting at local climbing site Review skills from day 1&2 Systems and equipment for Multi-Pitch climbing Fall factor and multiplication of forces Lead climbing and belaying practice Multi-pitch climb and technical descent (multiple rappels) Course debrief and wrap-up by 4:30pm Interested in Multi pitch climbing allows higher climbing that exceeds the length of your rope by going up one "pitch" at a time, stopping at belay anchors in between. This 2-day multi-pitch rock climbing course is designed to teach you all the basic skills necessary to climb an alpine summit. Multi-pitch sport & trad rock climbs. Experience with us a climbing trip to one of the best multi-pitch areas in Spain. The focus on day one is to learn and apply the skills for longer routes on the Warning! Climbing is Dangerous Simply browsing this book will not cause you to suddenly become an experienced sport climber. The document provides tips for multi-pitch climbing including analyzing the route, planning communication, backing up rappels, wearing a helmet near the route, and placing protection after leaving the belay. Mistakes are easy to make and accidents can be fatal. Experience on rock and/or multi-pitch climbs is beneficial. Extra Climbing Gear You’ll need two anchor kits for a multi-pitch route. Additional Gear for Long Multi-Pitch Climbs and Alpine Rock (Alpine Rock routes, the Monkey Face, Marsupial Traverse, and other multipitch climbs) Though a fully technical kit is not essential, you may want to consider synthetic base-layers and light soft-shell’s for longer, more committing objectives. Multi-pitch climbing combines many skills: placing gear on lead, building belays, route-finding, rope management and (often) abseiling down after you reach the top. This process is repeated until the top of the route is reached. Excellent physical fitness is essential. The goal of this clinic is to provide our students with tools needed to climb multi-pitch routes efficiently while keeping the primary focus on safety. The Multi-pitch Climbing course is designed for established single-pitch leaders interested in stepping up to multi-pitch routes. They will also practice belaying from above and managing followers efficiently. Discover now! Feb 21, 2023 · Selecting the appropriate gear can be a daunting task for those new to the sport of rock climbing. Some photos from past year climbs. Jul 9, 2025 · Conclusion Multi-pitch rock climbing is an extraordinary pursuit that combines physical exertion with strategic problem-solving amid breathtaking natural environments. To this day, most multi-pitch climbing worldwide is still completed with traditional climbing gear and basic techniques. This course is not for beginners; you need to be an avid climber, keen to develop your skills on multi-pitch routes, your climbing abilities, safety, rope management, belay organization, abseiling, as well as your agility to descend steep mountain terrain on foot. Traditionally a mostly ground based course, we’ve decreased the guide to guest ratio so we can spend more time on multi-pitch routes. Jun 5, 2017 · Best High Sierra Climbing Rack Best Yosemite Climbing Rack Best Yosemite Big Wall Climbing Rack We list top choice first followed sometimes by the Best Buy (BB) choice> For example, the La Sportiva TC Pro is our top Yosemite shoe choice but costs $170. Several options exist from 1 pitch to 4 pitches long on sculpted limestone. “The Stretch Ascender fabric provided full range of motion when highstepping on climbs like Don’t Mess with My Thing, a modern slab in the South Platte, Colorado. Most multi Apr 7, 2024 · Here’s a recommended list of rock climbing equipment for beginners: climbing shoes for good grip, a comfortable harness, a sturdy helmet, a belay device, and a chalk bag for grip assistance. Nov 8, 2024 · Whether you want to fine-tune gear placement, anchors, or crush your first multi-pitch, this comprehensive guide to trad climbing has it all. This training takes place in WA at Exit 38, Index, Vantage. Depending on the time of year and the weather forecast, you may need to adjust this recommended clothing list. Washington Rock Climbing Gear List Northwest Mountain School will provide all of the climbing hardware, ropes, and belay devices. Descending techniques Route finding, descent options Multi-pitch rappel Double runner clip sling at anchor Girth hitch to two points of harness, overhand knot 1/3 up sling, clip rappel device around knot into two points of the sling. Oct 15, 2021 · Multi-pitch climbing requires several key pieces of equipment. Topend Sports Website, "+ published + ", "+ url + ", Accessed " + today); Multi-Pitch Climbing, 1-Day This 1-Day Course teaches climbers the advanced skills needed to transition to the multi-pitch world. This document provides an introduction and overview of an advanced guidebook on multi-pitch climbing. Participants will then learn the fundamentals of multi-pitch systems, including belay transitions, rope management, and anchor building. Equipment List Multi-Pitch Climbing Technical equipment Daypack e. Montserrat - multi-pitch climbing trip in Barcelona. docx — 14. This can also be an effective way of climbing a lot of routes if they are in close proximity. Intermediate Climbing Reference Links. This pack will be worn while climbing the route. Our detailed climbing checklist below covers the critical gear for different styles of climbing: gym climbing, bouldering, sport climbing, and traditional (trad) climbing. Your mountain guide will walk you through the steps for securing yourself and your partner at a belay station, along with the important considerations for rappelling during multi-pitch climbs. Do not rely on it as your primary source of rock climbing information. With the best crack climbing in the world, this trip is one for the bucket list and is a great place to learn crack climbing technique. Private guiding, camps & courses. Understanding and selecting the optimum equipment is a key part to success in traditional multi-pitch climbing. Mar 10, 2025 · The best climbing shoes just keep getting better. It acknowledges that multi-pitch climbing involves additional risks compared to single pitch such as being further from the ground and potential for loose Multi Pitch Climbing It’s just single pitch climbing multiple times, right? Multi Pitch Climbing Preparing Racking Belaying Following As avid multi-pitch climbers, we know that every ascent presents its own unique challenges and rewards. 4 days ago · The climber's list of equipment for rock climbing. Basic Skills Course Multi-Pitch Climbing This 2-day basic skills course teaches the fundamentals of multi-pitch climbing. Whether you’re out for a short day of single-pitch climbing or you have an extended day of multi-pitch climbing ahead of you, these pieces of equipment are 100% essential for your outdoor rock climbing experience. Primary Backpack - 35-45 L capacity or enough space to carry your food, water, clothing, personal and group climber gear for the day (may include rope, rack, etc). It provides a useful reference to some of the points we covered in this class. Within each section, I offer my beginner-friendly recommendations, as well as a few alternative options that provide distinct advantages. And Internationally in El Potrero Chico. By thoughtfully packing essential climbing gear, appropriate clothing layers, sufficient nutrition ITINERARY Day 1: Skills Development & Multi-Pitch Climb The course begins with an introduction, a gear check, and a discussion on trip planning. Big wall climbing is a form of rock climbing that takes place on both very long and very sheer multi-pitch climbing routes – of at least 6–10 pitches or 300–500 metres in length – that typically require a full day, if not several days, to ascend. But multi-pitching isn’t just for uber Jun 21, 2024 · Our rock climbing gear list covers everything you need as a beginner and additional kit for more adventurous climbs. This weekend includes transportation, camping, Dutch oven meals, and guided single and multi-pitch climbing. May 30, 2025 · Multi-pitch climbing offers a thrilling adventure for climbers, involving multiple stages of ascent and requiring technical skills, teamwork, and proper gear preparation. Discover essential equipment and safety items for a successful ascent! Multi-Pitch Sport Climbing: What To Bring On long multi-pitches, it's wise to bring the following equipment in addition to everything you would normally take on a single pitch. Guided rock climbing in the Canadian Rockies: Canmore, Banff, Yoho, Jasper. This is typically what I bring on most multi pitch climbs and how I’d rack it to maximize space for pro + draws, the extra carabiners shown (not attached) are situationally This is an Intermediate / Advanced Course that teaches the foundations for Multi Pitch climbing on Sport Bolted routes. Double check this list to see if you missed anything before heading to the mountains! Focus: multi-pitch routes The topic of this booklet is multi-pitch sport or trad climbing. Sep 23, 2015 · Topo of the route, map … Download the basic gear list for multi-pitch climbing: [pdf-744 Kb] Basic techniques for multi-pitch climbing Setting up the belay station, swinging leads, helping a second through a difficult crux section, and rappelling are all basic techniques every climber should know before venturing off on a multi-pitch route. In this class you will learn Knots, Anchor Building, Multipitch Belaying, Efficient Transitions, Rope Management, Leading Multi Pitch Bolted Climbs, Basic Technical Self Rescue Nov 9, 2023 · 10 steps to your first multi pitch trad climbing adventure including necessary skills, gear, resources, and techniques. Make sure you bring: - Two cordelettes/ long slings - At least six spare screwgates - Two Jul 6, 2023 · Multi-pitch climbing, sending routes that are longer than just a single rope length, is one of the most fulfilling aspects of rock climbing. Naturally you agree, because you love rock climbing and that sounds cool, but secretly, you’re a bit confused Jun 28, 2025 · Safety and risk recognition involved with multi-pitch climbing Climbing communication (including when you can’t see or hear your partner) Lead belaying and belaying from above Multi-pitch anchor management and transitions Safely lowering a climber with an engaged auto-lock device from above Selecting objectives and creating strategies Equipment selection for intended routes Route finding ROCK CLIMBING EQUIPMENT LIST Below is an equipment list AAI provides for it's general climbing courses – it will give you an idea of what to bring in terms of general camping and climbing gear. May 12, 2017 · An outline of the technical gear I typically carry with me into the vertical world, not including rock and ice pro, when multi-pitch climbing Aug 19, 2023 · Gear up for your next climb with our detailed rock climbing checklist. EQUIPMENT LIST – MULT-IPITCH ROCK DAY TRIPS TRIPS COVERED BY THIS LIST: Goat Wall Climbing Index Red Rocks NOTE ON EQUIPMENT LISTS: Equipment selection can make or break a trip. Sep 3, 2018 · Below, we’ve created a rock climbing gear list so you can have all the necessary things to bring on every outdoor rock climb. You should be able to hike/climb for 1-2 hours at a stretch, taking 10 minute breaks, for up to 12 hours. Or it could be a wandering route that would involve a lot of rope drag if climbed as a single pitch. g. Option 2: 40-60L to carry to the base with an additional pack (carried inside larger pack) 16-25L to be worn while climbing the route. Read on for our 2025 picks from La Sportiva, Scarpa, and more! Outdoor climbing gear essentials revealed: Your guide to all the climbing equipment you need for your next adventure. Aug 14, 2024 · Whether you spend your days climbing indoors or scaling multi-hundred-foot monoliths, it’s always helpful to know what you need. . Though El Potrero Chico is known for it’s easy Follow moderate and lead easy bolted multi-pitch climbs, lead (or mock-lead) bolted sport climbs Knots, rock climbing technique, belay technique, communication, rappelling, cleaning anchors, introduction to the placement of removable climbing protection (i. Route information to help you choose your adventure with a brief route description, possible combinations and similar climbs. With bolted sport climbs ranging from 2 pitches all the way up to 23 pitches, El Potrero Chico is one of the best places on the planet to get started climbing long multi-pitch routes. Climbing Gear / 2. Go to any gym or popular sport crag, and you’re likely to see Oct 15, 2023 · This list is great for an indoor climbing session as well as multi-pitch climbing outdoors. Don’t miss this incredible opportunity to climb one of the most iconic towers in the country! Vesper and Morningstar NOTE ON EQUIPMENT LISTS: Equipment selection can make or break a trip. Enjoy step-by-step instruction from our world-class guides. It also discusses tying in with double ropes, belay stations for swapping leads, putting in a directional anchor, helping the second climb or lower, stacking rope, and setting up and Primary Climbing Area: Northeast USA, The Gunks Current Lead Range: up to 5. Candidates will learn how to become an effective multi pitch leader Multi pitch bolted climbing in the Dolomites In the Dolomites, besides many classics, we can also find routes opened with a different spirit: here we talk about sport climbing routes. It discusses that the book aims to help climbers spend less time not climbing by providing efficient techniques for multi-pitch routes. Mountain guide Fabian explains what you should look out for. Rock climbing gear: a beginner’s guide If you’re just getting into climbing, this gear guide can tell you what equipment you need, why you need it, and when to buy it. These were our favorites. The La Sportiva Tarantula is our Best Buy winner at only $90 and will get the job done. Taking it slow, learning a lot. This course will be divided into a ground school session and practice on a real multi-pitch climbs while guided by AMGA certified instructors. However, that’s not always the case. For example, the leader must place their own protection and build their own anchors using traditional gear. A multi-pitch route is one that is split into two or more pitches. This book is intended to be supplemented with practical instruction from qualified professionals. nuts and cams), hazard evaluation, and risk management Lead moderate multi-pitch climbs on gear safely and efficiently, lead sport Rock Climbing Equipment List Clothing ( ) T-Shirt - Cotton for warm weather, synthetic for multi-pith or cool weather ( ) Climbing Pants - Loose fitting, cotton for warm weather, synthetic for multi-pitch or cold ( ) Insulation Layer Top - Pile (fleece), light synthetic fill or wool sweater/jacket ( ) Waterproof Layer Top - Waterproof breathable or coated nylon jacket ( ) Waterproof Layer Advanced Ice Climbing Equipment List Pack: 30-60L should fit all of your equipment on the inside Optional: 16-25L to be worn while climbing multiple pitches Aug 22, 2024 · Let's discover together with Fabio Meraldi, Alpine Guide, all the equipment you need to climb on multi-pitch routes. The exhilaration of reaching the summit is unmatched, but it’s essential to be well-prepared for the journey ahead. Topic 4 – Gear HTML PDF 1. General Multipitch Rock Gear List Pack: Option 1: 25-35L and should be able to carry a rope in butterfly coil on the outside. Climbing on routes that require only one pitch is known as single-pitch climbing, and climbing on routes with more than one pitch is known as multi-pitch climbing (where the number is large, it can be big wall or alpine climbing). Area information about the climbing, the gear, guidebooks, how to get there, the weather, access and regulations, and much more. The new LED lamps It's a very effective way to work the moves on your project for as long as you want without having to drag a belayer along. Multi-pitch climbing is an exhilarating and challenging form of rock climbing that involves ascending routes longer than a single rope length, typically ranging from two to dozens of pitches. When embarking on a multi-pitch climbing adventure, having an exhaustive gear checklist ensures not only our safety but also maximizes efficiency during those long hours Multi-pitch climbing 101 This introduction to multi-pitch climbing covers everything you need to know before you rope up for your first high adventure. This form of soloing predominantly shines on single pitch climbing but can be used if there's a fixed line on a multipitch. The Miura VS is a tried and true model that’s been around for years and updated several times. It lists various types of safety equipment used for these activities, including harnesses, helmets, ropes, climbing holds, and communication devices. Going Light / 3 The Rope / 4 Non-Climbing Gear / 5 Coiling the Rope / 6 Tying into the Middle of the Rope / 7 Coiling a 100m Rope / 8 Racking the Gear Topic 5 – Leading and Cleaning Book Now For many, the fantastic views, dizzying exposure, and sense of adventure offered by multi-pitch climbing is the embodiment of the climbing experience. Download Syllabus and Gear List Key skills reviewed during the course: The document is a daily equipment checklist for a zipline and rock climbing facility. Mountain Equipment Dihedral Pant Mountain Equipment Dihedral Pant. If you have any questions about this list or the gear on it, please contact our office or your guide for advice. The hiking approach is short and steep through a small canyon. Additionally, the morning session For bouldering, top roping, and multi-pitch climbing, an instructor with documented experience—indicating competence in equipment use, safety and rescue techniques, proper use of the course, and hands-on training (must provide certification) or documented experience according to your council’s specific guidelines—directly supervises the We introduce here multi-pitch classic routes up to moderate grade, a short selection among the extraordinary variety and number in the Dolomites. Nov 29, 2023 · You need different equipment on multi-pitch routes than on a simple route. 9 KB Day pack (~25-45 Liters) Crampon-compatible mountain boots with rigid sole Vertical (water) ice crampons 2 water ice tools (retention leashes for multi-pitch routes) Harness and belay/rappel device * Helmet * UMA will provide you with a helmet, harness and belay device if you need them. Our goal is to provide you with the necessary knowledge to Sep 23, 2015 · Topo of the route, map … Download the basic gear list for multi-pitch climbing: [pdf-744 Kb] Basic techniques for multi-pitch climbing Setting up the belay station, swinging leads, helping a second through a difficult crux section, and rappelling are all basic techniques every climber should know before venturing off on a multi-pitch route. For multi-day trips, you can add gear from the backpacking checklist. This may be because it is longer than your rope. May 23, 2022 · So you’ve been hanging out at the crag every weekend, honing your gear-placement skills, flexing on those power moves, and you’ve been invited out on your first multi-pitch climb. 6 Experience: climbing for 5y, trad leading for one year ~35 pitches led total since my first lead last June. e. Jun 12, 2025 · We put 23 pairs of climbing shoes to the test on boulder problems, sport climbs, and traditional routes. Expand your climbing skills and experience the fascination of multi-pitch routes in breathtaking rock terrain! Multi-pitch climbing opens up access to great walls and alpine routes. Are you looking for an alphabetical list of Rock Climbing Terms that you can easily copy or download in popular formats like PDF, CSV, XML, JSON, and more? Multi-pitch climbing is a type of climbing that typically takes place on climbing routes that are more than a single rope length – circa 50 to 70 metres – in height (or distance), and thus where the lead climber cannot complete the climb as a single pitch. Jan 11, 2022 · Do you want a versatile shoe that excels in various scenarios and rock types, from the hardest gym routes to technical multi-pitch? From overhung boulders to your latest sport project? La Sportiva’s Miura VS might be worth a look. Understanding the different types of climbing gear available, and their respective strengths and weaknesses can make a huge difference to both the safety and chance of success on a route. The guide ratio is 3 participants per mountain guide (UIAGM) for the full 4 days. Due to the Jun 10, 2016 · MULTI-PITCH CLIMBING The basic gear list for a multi-pitch route: Helmet Harness Lanyard Belay device for double ropes Planning your first mountain climbing adventure? Make sure you have all the necessary gear with this ultimate equipment list for beginners. This type of climb gives you the unique opportunity to get high off the ground and see some of the most beautiful areas from a new vantage point. PPAS also rents most gear (not clothing) on this list. Boots, crampons and ice tools are available for rent at LOVER’S LEAP ROCK CLIMBING EQUIPMENT LIST At Lover’s Leap, it’s important to be prepared for possible afternoon thundershowers while high on a multi-pitch route. The climbing routes begin 40 minutes up the trail. Although themes will repeat each anchor is unique and needs to be adapted to the terrain and circumstances there are being used in. Aug 28, 2021 · The complete beginner's guide to multi-pitch climbing. Preface The Multi Pitch Award (MPA) scheme provides training and assessment in the skills required to lead climbers on a ‘limited remit’ of multi pitch climbs. It also mentions using double or twin ropes, quickdraws, slings, a belay device, and mechanical devices to assist climbing Multi-Pitch Course Gear List The gear on this list is required. We all want to return safely from our adventures, so start with a rope course on how to manage some difficult situations at height. This section describes the main scenarios that you may be facing along a multi-pitch route, with our recommendations for the safe and best use of your equipment. Multi-pitch climbs require more advanced planning and communication between A great introduction to multi pitch climbing. Our most common other use for these packs is everyday urban activities like going to class, shopping for groceries, or toting around a laptop. Weather conditions can change rapidly and having gear that is a combination of warm, lightweight, and durable is ideal. Climbing rope: The length of climbing rope you’ll need will depend on whether you plan on single-rope or double-rope rappelling. We will review sport/trad anchors, learn how to belay a partner up after your lead climb, rope management, descend multiple pitches via rappel, and learn essential rescue skills when at height. You don’t want to be halfway up a rock face only to realize your pack feels more like a sack of potatoes strapped to your Multi-Pitch Climbing Multi-pitch climbing, on the other hand, involves a series of pitches, often on taller or more complex rock faces. Outdoor climbing gear essentials revealed: Your guide to all the climbing equipment you need for your next adventure. Discover now! Reference Links This document is an appendix to the Multi-Pitch Climbing Course. Having the right equipment can enhance your safety margin while making your time on the rock more enjoyable and comfortable. Ideally, it’s better to wear layers that can provide “survival potential” if they were to get wet. Where the number of pitches exceeds 6–10 (300–500 metres), it can become big wall climbing (especially if very sheer), or where the With that said: basic gear for multi pitch free climbing would include a helmet for each climber, rock shoes, chalk bag, a dynamic rope in the 10mm or greater range and of length in excess of 60m (more common in 70m or greater these days), possibly a second rope depending on how long the rappels will be to get off the route, climbing protection Sep 8, 2020 · A killer guide to all things El Chorro climbing, Spains's winter mecca! Included: The best rock climbing, El Chorro Campground & more. The following checklist, available for download, will provide you with peace of mind when preparing for your climb. In this two-day course, you will learn how to climb safely and efficiently over multiple pitches, build belay stations, and navigate in complex terrain. Failing Daises Simple model of forces and rope stretch during a fall (Excel file). A description of what multi-pitch climbing is, trip reports from recent multi-pitch climbs and a wish list of climbs to do this year. There are several options for climbing from easy to difficult to challenge all abilities. If you have any of your own technical climbing gear that you would like to use, please feel free to bring it along. QUEER ASCENT CLINIC GEAR LIST FOR ALL CLINICS THE FOLLOWING BASIC EQUIPMENT IS REQUIRED: Climbing shoes AND approach shoes Harness Functional and warm clothes Backpack Apr 26, 2025 · Best Multi-Pitch Climbing Packs Buyer’s Guide Hey fellow vertical adventurers! So, you’re ready to conquer those towering cliffs and embrace the dizzying heights of multi-pitch climbing? Awesome choice! But before you channel your inner Spider-Man, let’s talk packs. The rock climbing areas of Washington Pass, Squamish, Leavenworth, & Index are all located in the Pacific Northwest. If you are unsure about any of the information Nov 20, 2019 · Gear Guide 2020: Multi-Pitch and Trad Climbing Kit Our top seven choices for the best multi-pitch and trad gear of 2020. This is true, Thanks for the advice. The scope of the award covers personal climbing, stance management, rope systems, client rescue and evacuation, etiquette, environmental responsibilities and more. Sep 13, 2023 · Multi-Pitch Sport Climbing In most cases, multi-pitch climbing requires knowledge of traditional climbing equipment and tactics. To assist beginners, I have compiled a list of the essential equipment needed to start climbing outdoors independently. Headlamp: Early starts or late finishes may find you moving in the dark. Jul 5, 2016 · Climbing a multi-pitch route requires choosing the right gear. Anchoring on a multi -pitch climb is made more difficult because it takes place at the end of a pitch when the leader has the l east amount of equipment to build an anchor with. Taking the time pre-trip to make sure that your equipment meets these standards is worth the effort and sets up everyone for success. Mountain Chalet here in Colorado Springs is great a resource for knowledge and product selection. After climbing the first pitch, the climber sets up an anchor at a belay station and then continues onto the next pitch. Unlike single-pitch climbing, where you’re limited by the length of your rope (maybe 100 feet or so, at most), a multi-pitch climber can ascend walls that are many hundreds, and even thousands, of feet tall. Hidden Valley is a 30 minute drive from the town of Jasper. I do plan on starting with single pitch at least for a couple weekends, but i do know that I plan to start climbing multipitch and want to get the gear needed in advance! Multi Pitch Rope Rescue is a course that presents some common scenarios for when things go awry while climbing and solutions to them for a safe time. In the mountains it is best to use an integrated Nov 18, 2016 · The trickiest—and most important—parts of multi-pitch trad climbing are placing solid gear and building safe anchors fast. The checklist provides details on the item name, manufacturer, quantity in use, available backups, and any faulty equipment. Apr 14, 2020 · It’s time to get trad-ical with these 7 must-have performance trad and multi-pitch items. DAY 3 — Pack up camp, descend to trailhead REQUIREMENTS Previous climbing/mountaineering experience is required for most of these trips. All the basics in one place to help you transition from single-pitch to multi-pitch routes. We’ve also included a list of personal items and extras that may or may not be worth Sep 23, 2022 · Historically, multi-pitch climbing was made possible using aid climbing (1) and traditional climbing equipment and techniques. 25l Climbing harness Belay device Climbing shoes Helmet Jul 5, 2016 · Pitons and a hammer if necessary Gear sling if necessary Chalk bag Climbing shoes Lightweight backpack (20 liters) Food Drink Light windbreaker Knife Headlamp First-aid kit Topo, map Download the list [pdf - 252 Ko] For all multi-pitch climbing tech tips On each activity page, find all tech tips organized by chapter: basics, belaying, gear The document lists the basic gear needed for multi-pitch climbing, which includes safety equipment like a helmet and harness, climbing gear like ropes and carabiners, protection items like cams and nuts, and accessories like a chalk bag, backpack, first aid kit, and map. ” Read full review. qyr nba tcdqjx zfbxq tbbtz xjhezp xsksqj zxqvtm ryze pqs

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